Interlocking joint for sash-bars.



WILLIAM BAYLEY, 0F SPRINGFIELD, OHIO.

INTERLOCKING JOINT FOR SASH-BARS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 2 d, lltllld.

Application filed October 23, 1913. Serial No. 786,813.

To aZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, VVILLIAM BAYLEY, citizen of the United States, residing at Springfield, in the county of Clark and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Interlocking Joints for Sash-Bars, of which the following is a specification. a

My invention relates to metallic Window sash and particularly to the interlocking joint for the sash bars thereof.

The object of the invention is to simplify the structure of metallic window sashes as well as the means and mode of interengaging the bars thereof, whereby they, will not only be cheapened in construction, but will be more rigid, of maximum strength, economical in manufacture and unlikely to get out of repair.

It has heretofore been the custom when joining transverse bars, crossing at an angle one to the other, to cut'both of the bars partially through, forming a joint known in joinery at halving, or to distort one of the bars, in order that the other bar may be thrust through such distorted portion.

Either of these modes of joining transverse,

bars greatly weakens the structure. Bars which have been distorted for the introduction of a second bar, can not be returned uniformly to their original shapes. The bending of the engaging portions of such bars, first outward to form an eye of sufficient size to receive the inserted bar, and then back to approximately the original shape to engage the bar inserted therein, greatly weakens the material at the juncture point.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a form of j int in which the marginal portion of the ar will be und1s-.

turbed and in which the eye through which. the second bar is thrust will be arranged in a longitudinal direction, thereby retaining a maximum amount of metal at the opposite sides of each eye.

A further object of the invention istoprovide means for positively locking the engaged bars in their interengaging position.

\Vith the above primary and other incidental objects in view, as will more fully ap+ pear in the specification, the invention consists of the features of construction, the parts and combinations thereof and ithe mode of operation or their equivalents as hereinafter described and set forth in the claims.

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a metal window sash disclosing a completed interlocking 1 joint forming the subject matter hereof. Figs. 2 and 3 are perspective views of two sash bars to be interengaged one with the other and hereinafter designated for convenience as the needle and eye bars respectively. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the insert, by which the bars are locked in their interengaged positions. Fig. 5 is a detail perspective View illustrating the initial operation in the formation of the opening of the eye bar. Fig. 6 is a detail perspective view showing the initial step in the interengagement of the bars. Fig. 7 is a perspective view showing the method of locking the bars in their interengaged positions. I I

Like parts are indicated by similar characters of reference throughout the several views. 4

In constructing a metal window sash by the method herein described, there are employed a series of eye barsl, spaced apart in parallel relation and a series ofvneedle bars 2 arranged in transverse angular relation with the eye bars 1 and parallel one with the other. Both the eye bars and needle bars are preferably though not necessarily of a similar T shaped cross section. The head or flange 3 of the bars provides ledges or shoulders extending substantially perpendicular to the webs of the bars to form supports for the glass. To provide uniform supports for the glass, it is desirable that the inner or glass engaging faces of the shoulders or ledges of the respective eye and needle bars-be flush one with the other. In order that the finished sash shall be of pleasing appearance, it is desirable that the outer faces of both the head and web portions of the eye and needle bar be flush one with the other. To accomplish these results without materiallyweakening either of the bars is one of the primary objects of the invention. Both the eye' and needle bar are preferably though not necessarily provided with longitudinal beads 4 upon opposite sides of the web portion extending parallel with the flange or head 3 to form. intermediate the bead and head achannel for putty or other sealing material.

In preparing the bars for interengagement one with the other, the eye bars 1 are provided with deltoidal openings or slots 5, through which the needle barshereinafter described may be introduced. The opening or eye is of comparatively small proportion, its longitudinal length being substantially equal to the width of the needle bar,

- while the transverse width of the eye 5 at its widest point is substantially equal to the width of the transverse head 3 of the needle bar. It is to be noted that the eye 5 being longitudinally disposed in the bar leaves a portion of metal of maximum extent undisturbed at each side thereof. There is no distortion or straining of 'the adjacent portions of the bar and these parts retain their originale shape and alinement. In forming the eye or opening 5, the initial step consi'sts in punching or otherwise forming in the web of the bar two spaced openings comprising a transverse slot 6 and acircular hole 7. The transverse slot 6 is substantially equal in length to the undisturbed portion of the needle bar hereinafter described, while its width is preferably some what less than the thickness of the web of the needle bar. After the bar is perforated as shown in Fig. 5, the intermediate deltoidal shaped portion 8 of the material as shown by dotted lines in said figure is removed. This removed portion of the bar is reserved to be subsequently used as a looking insert to secure the needle bar in its adjusted position. There is thus formed the eye or opening as disclosed in Figs. 3 and 6, while the portion removed appears as shown in Fig. 4c. The web of the needle bar 2 is position in transverse alinement with the recess or notch 9, the head 3 of the needle bar is cut away as shown at 11 for a distance equal to the width of the head of the eye bar. There is thus left between the recess 9 and the recess 11 an undisturbed portion of the web of the needle bar substantially equal to the width of the eye 5 of the eye bar at its widest point. To interlock the bars, the needle bar 2 is inserted through the eye or slot 5 of the eye bar 1 with the head 3 of the needle bar engaging the widest portion of the slot or eye until the notch or recess 9 of the needle bar is in registry with the web of the eye bar and the cut away portion of p the head 3 of the needle bar is in registry with the head 3 of the eye bar as is shown in -Fig. 6. The needle bar 2 is then rotated bar to engage upon opposite sides of the head of the eye bar and the marginal portion of the web of the eye bar to engage within the notch or recess 6 of the needle bar. This revoluble movement is continued throughout substantially a quarter rotation. The needle and eye bar are thus brought to relatively angular positions with the heads 3 and margins of the web of the respective bars flush one with the other, as shown in Figs. 1 and 7. The bars are thus interlocked onewith the other against independent longitudinal or lateral movement. To look thebars againstdisengagement by a return rotation of the needle bar, the insert 8 removed in forming the eye or slot- 5 is returned to its position within said slot. Inasmuch as the primary slot 6 was made of less width than the thickness of the web of the needle bar the insert 8 will be found to be slightly larger than theremaining portion of the eye or slot 5 after the needle bar has been inserted. The .wedge shaped insert, after being slightly filed at 16 to provide clearance however, is placed in position asshown in Fig. 7 with its apex alined with the web of the eye bar and its base portion resting against the web of the needle bar, whereupon it may be swaged into position in a plane common with the web of the eye bar by means of a tool directed as shown by dotted lines in said Fig. 7. In swaging the insert to its final po ition, the apex of the insert is crowded longitudinally into the circular perforation 7 which provides clearance for the insert. The wedge or deltoidal shape of the insert permits it to be driven into the remaining opening, where it serves to clamp the needle bar in its adjusted position. Making the initial slot of slightly less Width than the thickness of the web of the needle bar insures a tight fit when the insert 8 is replaced in the opening or eye 5. The slight diflerence in the size of the insert as compared with the remaining opening after the needle bar has been inserted, is suflicient to cause the insert to be held in its adjusted position by the pressure of its edges upon those of the eye or opening without additional fastening means. However to further secure the insert in place, impressions 14 may be made in the metal of the web and the insert across their juncture line as shown in Fig. 1. These impressions may be made by a blow of the hammer or other suitable tool wherebythe metal of one member is forced across the juncture line into the edge of the other member. It is obvious that the insert after being replaced in the eye or opening, may loo-secured by electric or gas welding in a common or well known manner or a rivet12 maybe inserted in the opening 7, the rivet heads upon opposite sides of the web serving to secure'the insert in its position. The glass 15 is permanently secured in position by means of a body 13 of putty meeoev or other sealing material located in the channel intermediate the-bead 4 and the edge of the glass 10 as shown in Fig. 1. The lips 10 of the recesses 9 are bent forward to engage the web of the needle bar after the bars are interengaged.

While the bars 1 and 2 have been herein shown and described as T shaped in cross section, it is obvious that bars of other,

shapes as I shaped, IL shaped or flat bars may be interlocked in the same manner. The only variations necessary for interlocking such different bars, is a difl'erence in the outline of the eye 5 and the proportions of the recesses 7 and 9 to correspond with the cross sectional shapes of the bars. It is likewise obvious that the construction is equally applicableto structures other than window sashes. 1

From the above description it will be'ap parent that there isthus provided a device of the character described possessing the particularfeatures of advantage before enumerated as desirable but which obviously is susceptible of modification in its form, proportion, detail construction or arrangement of parts, without departing from the principle involved or sacrificing any of its advantages. 1

While in order to comply with the statute, the invention has been described in language more or less specific as to certain structural features, it isto be understood that the invention is not limited to any specific details, but that the means and construction herein described comprise but one mode of putting the invention into effect, and the invention is therefore claimed broadly in any of its possible forms or modifications within the scope of the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim,

1. In an interlocking joint for bars, two here arranged angularly one with the other, a. deltoidal aperture in one of the bars, the second bar having oppositely disposed marginal recesses and inserted through the aperture of the first bar and engaged therewith by a partial-rotation, and a separate wedge shaped insert filling the remaining portion of the aperture after the insertion of the second bar.

2. In an interlocking joint for bars, two bars arranged angularly one with the other, a deltoidal aperture in one of the bars, the second bar having oppositely disposed marginal recesses and inserted through the aperture of the first bar and engaged therewith by a partial rotation. and a separate trim cated insert forced into the aperture relionaining after the insertion of the second 3. In an interlocking joint for bats, two

after the insertion of the second bar forced into the remaining aperture 'to secure the second bar against removal.

4. In an interlocking joint for bars, two bars arranged angularly one with the other,

on e of the bars being provided with a deltoidal aperture having an enlargement of the opening at its apex, the second bar havin oppositely disposed marginal notches being thrust through the aperture of the first bar and engaged therewith by a partial rotation, and a separate deltoidal insertof greater proportions than the aperture remaining after the insertion of the second bar forced into the said remaining aperture for the apex of'which the enlargement of the aperture affords clearance.

5. In an interlocking joint for bars, two bars arranged angularly one with the other, one of the bars having an aperture therein, the second bar having oppositely disposed marginal notches, said second bar being thrust through the aperture of the first bar and engaged by a partial rotation, a separate insert filling the aperture remaining after the insertion of the second bar, and a shouldered retaining member overhanging simultaneously the margins of the insert and aperture.

611m an interlocking joint for sash bars. a bar having an aperture therein, a second bar having oppositely disposed marginal notches, said second bar being projected through the aperture of the first bar and interengaged therewith by a partial rotation and a separate locking plate inserted in the aperture remaining after the insertion of the second bar. i

7. In an interlocking joint for sash bars, a bar having an aperture therein, a second bar having oppositely disposed marginal notches, said second bar being projected through the aperture of the first bar and interengaged therewith by a partial rotation, and a separate locking insert forced into the aperture remaining after the insertion of the second bar substantially equal in extent to the original aperture less a portion of less extent than the cross area of that portion of the second bar engaged within the recess.

8. A bar having an aperture therein, a second bar having oppositely disposed marginal notches, said second bar being projected through the aperture of the first bar and ,inter'engaged therewith by a partial rotation, and a separate locking member with in the aperture remaining after the insertion of the second bar capable of lateral displacebar so proportioned in relation with the 10 ment in the plane of the bar. aperture as to normally tend to project into 9. A bar having an aperture therein, a the space occupied by the inserted bar. second barhaving oppositely disposed mar- In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set 5 ginal notches, said second bar being projectmy hand this 8th day of October, 1913.

ed through the first bar and interengaged WILLIAM BAYLEY. therewith by a partial rotation, and asepa- Witnesses: rate locking member inserted in the aperture ANDREW G. DEY,

remaining after the insertion of the second E. F. THOMAS. 

